Mitigation Strategies

• Reduce emissions from vehicles, including  prescription of emissions targets for new vehicles;
• a strategy to reduce heavy duty vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 emissions;
• a target to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of fuels;
• rolling resistance limits and tyre labelling requirements with mandatory tyre pressure monitoring;
• legislation encouraging hybrid and electric vehicles; and,
• Accounting life time energy use and CO2 emissions while procuring vehicles (mandatory disclosure in vehicles information brochure).
• Appropriate taxation regime to discourage private vehicles, phasing out out-dated inefficient vehicles,
• Automation of public transport system to reduce idle time and improve commute efficiency.

Comprehensive GHG reduction strategies addressing the following:

• Appropriate urban planning with thresholds on regional growth (such as FAR fixation based on the infrastructure – width of the lane, etc.)
• Transport demand: integration of land use and mobility planning targeting land use, improvement of load factors and changes in patterns and scale of transport demand, where appropriate;
• Improvements in public transport system (with apt share of commuter trains and user friendly buses.
• Mode share: measures facilitating less GHG intensive modes such as public transport and non-motorised transport (like Namma cycle in Bangalore). Public transport needs to be user friendly and economically competitive; train services for cargo and commuter movement.
• Innovations in vehicle design – smaller and light vehicles (for example in public transport) to reduce fuel consumption and improve use efficiency
• Fuel choice: measures aiding the development and dissemination of technologies for alternative fuels (hybrid, electric); and
• Fuel efficiency: development and dissemination of technologies for vehicles (including test cycle measures for vehicle components and accessories) and traffic management, traffic congestion abatement measures, eco-driving,  awareness among public about implications of increases in GHG’s, etc.

This also highlights the need for research and innovations focussing on  mitigation and adaptation mechanisms to reduce GHG emissions in transport sector.